Indian Army Integrates Bactrian Camels for High-Altitude Operations in Ladakh
The Indian Army has officially incorporated Bactrian camels, a robust double-humped species native to Ladakh, into its operations for patrolling and logistics in the high-altitude region. This development comes after nearly ten years of research and field trials aimed at assessing their effectiveness in extreme conditions.
Recently, the Defence Institute of High Altitude Research (DIHAR), a laboratory under the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) located in Leh, transferred fourteen trained Bactrian camels to the Army’s 14 Corps. Along with standard operating procedures and health records, these camels have been prepared to navigate challenging terrains where conventional transport options are limited.
Despite advancements in road infrastructure throughout Ladakh, reaching remote posts often still necessitates the use of porters and pack animals. While modern technologies like drones and mechanical mules are being incorporated into operations, their effectiveness can be compromised by poor visibility and harsh weather conditions. Conversely, camels present a more dependable option for such environments.
Research launched in 2016 by DIHAR, in collaboration with the Army’s Remount and Veterinary Corps, examined the camels' physiological adaptability, load-carrying capabilities, and behavior under simulated battlefield conditions, which included exposure to gunfire, explosions, and operational stress.
Bactrian camels have demonstrated the ability to carry loads ranging from 150 to 200 kilograms at elevations as high as 14,000 feet, surpassing traditional mules and ponies that manage only 60 to 80 kilograms. Additionally, these camels require less nutritional input and are ideally suited for two-person patrols in mountainous regions.
For a comparative study, DIHAR also introduced desert camels from Rajasthan, commonly employed by the Border Security Force in western India. However, the Bactrian camels proved to be more effective in high-altitude settings.
Known scientifically as Camelus Bactrianus, these animals historically played a significant role in Silk Route trade and now exist in limited numbers in the Nubra Valley. Classified as an endangered species, they also contribute to Ladakh’s tourism industry.
The Indo-Tibetan Border Police is similarly considering the use of these camels for their operations in comparable terrains.
